Tax Refund Calculator
Whether the year ends in a tax refund or a bill, and how much.
Recent
Formula
How the calculation works
Tax withheld during the year is an estimate; the return is where it is settled. The tax due is income times the rate, and the refund is simply what was withheld minus what was owed. On the example, 600,000 at 15% is 90,000 due against 100,000 withheld, so 10,000 comes back.
The sign matters. A positive figure is money returning; a negative one is a bill, and the tool shows that as a separate balance due so the two cases cannot be confused.
Common mistakes
- Assuming a refund means the tax was overpaid by luck. It usually means too much was withheld from each payslip, which is an interest-free loan to the tax office.
- Ignoring the other direction. A small refund can hide a change that would have produced a large bill next year, so check the rate against what you actually owe.
When to use it
- Use it after the year ends, when the total withheld is known, to see whether the return brings money back or asks for more.
- It uses a single rate on the whole income. Real systems have bands and allowances, so treat the figure as a close estimate and check the return itself for the exact amount.
Worked example
Income of 600,000 at 15% with 100,000 withheld: tax 90,000, refund 10,000, nothing owed.
Common questions
What if the refund is negative?
Then too little was withheld and you owe the rest; the balance row shows it as a positive amount.
When does the refund arrive?
It can take weeks to months after filing. The tool shows the amount, not the timing.
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